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Benjamin Martin (lexicographer)
Benjamin Martin (1704-1782) was a lexicographer who compiled one of the early English dictionaries, the ''Lingua Britannica Reformata'' (1749).〔Benjamin Martin (1749). (''Lingua Britannica Reformata'' ). (Google books, original from Oxford University Library)〕 He also was a lecturer on science and maker of scientific instruments.〔John R. Millburn. ("Martin, Benjamin" ). ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' 〕
==Life==
Martin was born in Worplesdon, Surrey and began life as a ploughboy, but graduated to become a teacher. A legacy of £500 enabled him to buy books and instruments, and he became a lecturer and instrument maker. He was an early champion for the Newtonian system. In 1737, he published the ''Biblioteca Technologia'' - a survey of natural philosophy in 25 sub-headings.〔
In 1740, he moved to Fleet Street, near the Royal Society where his hero Newton would often lecture. He began manufacturing Hadley's quadrant (a predecessor to the sextant) and optical instruments. His business prospered, and he also became known as a spectacle maker. He continued to lecture on natural philosophy, and from 1755 to 1764, he also published ''Martin's magazine''.
In 1781, the seventy-seven-year-old Martin went bankrupt; a few years earlier he had handed over his business to several managers who proved inept. He attempted suicide, and while it was not immediately successful, the wound (nature unknown〔) was grievous enough and he failed to recover, and died on 9 February 1782.
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